Agricultural trade has an important role to play in poverty reduction through more equitable redistribution of the benefits of global economic growth 7. African agriculture possesses the physical, human, and technological resources necessary for a foundation for broad-based economic growth. In the recently released 13 th Tanzania Economic Update, ‘Realizing the Potential of Agriculture for Inclusive Growth and Poverty Reduction,’ the authors underscore the importance of having supportive public policies and spending which crowds in more private investments needed to catalyze a nascent agriculture transformation. The importance of agricultural growth to poverty reduction is well known, but the specific channels through which the poor can take advantage of growth require further research. Exceptional progress in some developing countries makes achieving that goal globally a realistic possibility. While the direct growth effect of agriculture on poverty reduction is likely to be smaller than that of non-agriculture (though not because of inherently inferior productivity growth), the indirect growth effect of agriculture (through its linkages with nonagriculture) appears substantial and at least as large as the reverse feedback effect. is important to note that when the process is successful, the absolute size of agriculture continues to grow, even though its share in the economy declines, 3. Governance and Poverty Reduction in Africa 7 Capacity and Resources to Fight Poverty The concern for good governance as a way of dealing with Africa’s poverty and economic backwardness is nothing new; it goes back to the nationalist struggles for independence. A Determination Using Congolese Data 2 Hence, macroeconomic stability should be a key component of any poverty reduction strategy. has been cited by the following article: TITLE: Is Agriculture the Highest-Risk Sector? Many of the region’s agricultural sectors are not performing up to their potential, but others are—and on a global scale. Yet, the big challenge of agriculture in the As one of the fastest growing and most resilient economic activities, it is a catalyst for job creation and . The empirical evidence on the link between macroeconomic policies and poverty reduction is presented in section 4. Nigeria became Africa’s largest economy in 2014. March 17, 2012 • Views 3 comments. Timmer (1997) uses output per worker as the productivity the most important agricultural policies and support measures introduced since 1994. The most important project of the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) - the end of all kinds of poverty by the year 2030 - will therefore most likely be missed by Africa. Whether and poverty reduction • To increase the likelihood of poverty reduction through agricultural transformation, the following issues should be ... equally important in poverty reduction. Agricultural productivity growth remains a powerful lever for achieving poverty reduction. Investing in Water for Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction 57 Doing Infrastructure Right 58 Finding the Finance 60 ... the importance of water as an issue in understanding the relationship between poverty reduction … Despite its importance to economic growth and poverty reduction throughout Asia and Latin America, agriculture remains a neglected sector in Africa. Even though this is a narrow definition of poverty, US$1.90 is the official international poverty line and allows us to draw from poverty maps that the World Bank produced for many countries over the last decades. Even the poverty reduction has experienced a plateau since 2009 due to the low performance of the agricultural sector that has grown below 4 percent on average in recent years. Poverty reduction among households working in agriculture accounts for 79% of the national poverty reduction observed between 2006 and 2013. the Process of Economic Development Two important and related features distinguish the agricultural sec- ... exporters can be expected to witness a substantial reduction in the share of agriculture if they achieve a sizable increase in per capita ... remedy is to remove the basic causes of the poverty and backwardness" [48, p. 71]. It in the socio-economic profile and the magnitude of incidence of poverty in India on alternative criteria for measurement. Agricultural policy, poverty and the role of the state: the OECD responds. At the Earth Institute, researchers take a “human needs” approach and look at the root causes of extreme poverty, thinking beyond money to ask whether people have the basics they need for economic … agriculture and poverty reduction can go hand-in-hand, but it also highlights instances where green agricultural policies have increased poverty. has been cited by the following article: Article. Summary y The world is faced with challenges in all three dimensions of sustainable develop-ment—economic, social and environmental. There is a lot of evidence that agriculture can contribute to poverty reduction beyond a direct effect on farmer's incomes. Economic and Political Weekly, 39(40), 4429–4446. This underscores the important role the sector plays in creating lucrative livelihoods, especially given that it … In East Africa, only 22 per … For example, although Pakistan experienced a high rate of growth in the 1960s, poverty continued to increase—mainly because Read honest and unbiased product reviews from our users. – this rate of growth in the agriculture sector is now a benchmark rate for other developing countries who wish to achieve rapid economic development. alleviating the level of poverty and later on achieving the goals of poverty reduction by creating and facilitating the cooperatives in the country. economic reforms and resulting economic performance in Malawi. The Right Focus Many argue that the agricultural focus of Ghana's proposal creates strong potential for poverty reduction. Finally, the importance of agriculture for poverty reduction confirms the need for investment in and attention to this sector, particularly in Mozambique. 23, Paris: OECD Publishing. Since in most poor countries the majority of the poor live in rural areas and are employed in agriculture, it seems logical that growth of agriculture is more important for poverty reduction than growth of industry or services. And pro-poor agricultural growth can significantly reduce poverty in SSA. Adult literacy rate has risen from 88% in 1989 to 93.4% in 2000. With few exceptions, countries that have moved toward middle-income status have been initially driven along that path of economic growth by the transformation of their agriculture sector. Despite contrasting opinions on the relative importance of agriculture and industry in generating overall growth, there should presumably be less contention surrounding the role of agriculture in poverty reduction, especially given the impor-tance of agricultural incomes for Africa’s poorest populations. 23, OECD Publishing. Cervantes-Godoy, D., & Dewbre, J. the Process of Economic Development Two important and related features distinguish the agricultural sec- ... exporters can be expected to witness a substantial reduction in the share of agriculture if they achieve a sizable increase in per capita ... remedy is to remove the basic causes of the poverty and backwardness" [48, p. 71]. Uganda, agricultural growth appears to have slowed in the most recent periods with a corresponding slowdown in the pace of monetary poverty reduction. This is the second in a two-part series on measuring and understanding economic growth and poverty in Nigeria, presenting findings from EPAR Technical Report #327. Agricultural growth and poverty reduction: Additional evidence by Alain de Janvry and Elisabeth Sadoulet Prepared for the World Bank Research Observer May 2009 Agricultural growth has long been recognized as an important instrument for poverty reduction. Key findings from the poverty assessment include: - In addition to the reduction … ISI, Google Scholar Besides, prosperity in agriculture favoured the development of a dynamic rural non-farm (RNF) sector, regarded as one of the main causes for rapid poverty reduction in China as it provided additional sources of income outside farming,” they state. Potentials of the Agro Industry towards Achieving Food Security in Nigeria and Other Sub-Saharan African Countries. Today Jonathan Brooks author of the OECD’s new book on agricultural policy and poverty reduction, responds to my rather critical review. velocity has been relatively slower than the period before the crisis. consensus was successfully forged around the importance of poverty reduction and human development. Since then, the global community has managed to uplift a large segment of 1 See General Assembly resolution 55/2. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Just as important is the fact that economic freedom provides a proven formula for economic progress and dramatic poverty alleviation. Agricultural development can stimulate economic development outside of the agricultural sector, and lead to higher job and growth creation. AGRICULTURE, TRADE REFORM AND POVERTY REDUCTION: IMPLICATIONS FOR SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA by Kym Anderson CEPR, and School of Economics and Centre for International Economic Studies University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 2004 2.1.2 Poverty and income variables. Governance and Poverty Reduction in Africa 7 Capacity and Resources to Fight Poverty The concern for good governance as a way of dealing with Africa’s poverty and economic backwardness is nothing new; it goes back to the nationalist struggles for independence. This paper is therefore, tries to assess the contribution of cooperatives to poverty alleviation and on the socio-economic development of Ethiopia through national survey in the country. Food insecurity – often rooted in poverty – decreases the ability of countries to develop their agricultural markets and economies. The Millennium Development Goals 7. In fact, from 1976 to 1996, poverty reduction in rural area was faster than that in urban areas. Agricultural growth is essential for fostering economic development and feeding growing populations in most low developed countries (LDCs). Despite contrasting opinions on the relative importance of agriculture and industry in generating overall growth, there should presumably be less contention surrounding the role of agriculture in poverty reduction, especially given the impor-tance of agricultural incomes for Africa’s poorest populations. Findings from time-series, cross-section regression analysis reveal that while economic growth generally was an important contributor to poverty reduction, the sector mix of growth mattered substantially, with growth in agricultural incomes being especially important. Poverty reduction and human development have improved considerably. Growth in agricultural productivity, the rural non-farm sector and rural wages, which are the main sources of poverty reduction in both China and India, have been made possible by public investments in R&D, infrastructure (such as roads, power, irrigation, communication and education) and anti-poverty programmes. Journal of Comparative Economics, 38, 2–16. 2 Relatively rapid economic growth, but seemingly limited poverty reduction: Burkina Faso, Mozambique, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Zambia This group provides a strong counterpoint to the first group. Economic importance of agriculture for poverty reduction. The completion rate of An Investigation of Poverty, Income Inequality and Their Shifters at Household Level in Pakistan. This finding provides further evidence on the important role agriculture that can play in economic development and the urgent need to support agricultural growth through raising investment. Agricultural growth has played the key role in past poverty reduction, which allows the country to become one of few African countries that will achieve MDG1 of halving 1990s poverty rate early than … rural areas. There has been a downward trend in poverty measures since 1970, with an acceleration post-1991, despite rising inequality. Millions of people, mostly living in developing countries, depend in some way on commodities such as cotton, coffee, tea and cocoa for a livelihood. Agricultural growth is likely to remain important in reducing poverty. To therefore improve and sustain the rate of economic growth in Nigeria from which poverty could be reduced measures, such as, Whether Some commentators have claimed that, due to economic liberalization, poverty in the world is rising rather than declining, and the data provided by the World Bank, echoing that poverty is decreasing, is flawed. Agricultural growth appears a priority for poverty reduction in landlocked and coastal economies alike. However, while the proportion of impoverished Those who stay in agriculture are also diversifying towards non-farm wage and self-employment." In the early 1980s, as was the case in much of Latin America, Costa Rica suffered its worst economic crisis in … development can be a more effective poverty-reduction strategy if productivity in the non-agricultural sector is higher with faster growth, and moving out rural households from agriculture to non-agricultural activities is achievable (Gollin 2010, Collier and Dercon 2014), i.e., through an non- growth. We now offer theoretical and empirical evidence suggesting that the causation runs in the opposite direction as well; that is, reducing poverty can help boost economic … This requires industrialization where micro and small However, agriculture’s edge over non-agriculture varies by the latter’s sub-sectors. Poverty reduction requires economic growth which, when accompanied by sound macroeconomic management and good governance, results in sustainable and socially inclusive development (ADB 1999). Accelerated agricultural growth, based on increasing land and labour productivity, has been a cornerstone of successful poverty reduction. Agriculture is one of the most important sectors of economy of the Republic of Armenia. This column revisits these issues using a newly constructed dataset of poverty measures for India spanning 60 years. (2010). Several impact studies of agricultural technologies have estimated aggregate economic benefits through extrapolation of farm-level yield or income gains using partial equilibrium simulation models such as the economic surplus model [].The economic surplus method is the most widely used procedure for economic evaluation of benefits and … Agriculture accounts for 60% of employment in Ghana, and more than 30% of GDP. In sum, economic growth is a crucial factor in poverty reduction, but the level of inequality and its evolution affect its impact on poverty. 2.0 Agriculture, pro-poor growth, and poverty reduction Section Overview. The lack of data, however, makes it impossible to review the impact of these policies, thus also making it impossible to quantify any possible contribution to poverty reduction these interventions might national economic growth and the instrument for mass poverty reduction and food security. As Nigeria’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita grew by nearly 70% between 1992-2009, poverty rates fell by 6%. Findings from time-series, cross-section regression analysis reveal that while economic growth generally was an important contributor to poverty reduction, the sector mix of growth mattered substantially, with growth in agricultural incomes being especially important. Department of Agricultural Economics and Natural Resource, MizanTepi University, MizanTepi, Ethiopia 1. the consistent finding that agricultural productivity is important for poverty reduction. of economic growth (this was started by a seminal paper by Ravallion and Datt (1996)). Economic Importance of Agriculture for Poverty Reduction. Economic Importance of Agriculture for Poverty Reduction. Greater access of the poor to education and health services, water and sanitation, employment, credit, and markets for produce is needed. Poverty is one of them. OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Working Papers No. The role of agriculture in economic development and poverty reduction : an empirical and conceptual foundation @inproceedings{Sarris2001TheRO, title={The role of agriculture in economic development and poverty reduction : an empirical and conceptual foundation}, author={A. Sarris}, year={2001} } A. Sarris; Published 2001; Economics Growth in the agriculture sector has been found, on average, to be at least twice as effective in reducing poverty as growth in other sectors. OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Working Paper No. They also argue that extending Background Poverty reduction of any country can contribute grossly to the improvement of people‟s life and economic growth of the country (Tefera, 2013). reasons to emphasize research on rural poverty reduction, and to redirect attention and expenditure towards agricultural development. With 80% of the poor living in rural areas, modernization of agriculture is critical for Ghanaian economic development and poverty reduction. Poverty fell from over 70% in the mid-1980s to 58% in 1993 and further to 37% in 1998. The importance of tourism to Uganda’s economic growth speaks for itself in the increasing number of visiting tourists every year, and, the rise in expenditure by foreign tourists in the country. Agriculture is an important sector for many developing countries, both to drive economic development but also to support poverty reduction and boost food and nutrition security.
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