Scripture alone is the only infallible guide and the final authority on matters of Christian faith and practice (One of the foundational principles of Protestantism). Salvation is the free and unmerited gift of God to man. The Holy Spirit proceeds from both the Father and the Son. Roman Catholics believe that the pope is the head of ⦠Close. The dogma of the Immaculate Conception states that Mary, was at conception 'preserved immaculate from all stain of original sin' and should not be confused with the virgin birth. As the Bishop of Rome, he has a primacy of honour when Orthodox, not of jurisdiction. Following the chart is an explanation of the sections of the chart. Prayer Requests| These groups are allowed to have married priests. Comparison between Orthodoxy, Protestantism & Roman Catholicism: T he table below aims to given an outline of some of the key issues in Christian belief and how the three traditions view these issues. Both Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism accept the Bible as their sacred text, which contains the same basic books: Old and New Testament, plus additional books called the Deuterocanonicals. Known as the Filioque, this statement caused such theological controversy that it was one of the major reasons for the Great Schism. Liturgical Revision. Topic Orthodox Protestant Roman Catholic Further details on the Eucharist are given in the Five views of the Eucharist page. Commonly termed the 'Mystic Supper' or 'Divine Liturgy' - This makes present Christ's sacrifice and therefore forgiveness of sins is obtained through it. Divorce is discouraged, but permitted as evidence of human weakness. Further details on the Eucharist are given in the Five views of the Eucharist page. Much less familiar to most westerners is the other main branch of non-Protestant ChristianityâEastern Orthodoxy. There are however, a wide variety of views held within Protestantism on this subject (e.g. teachings handed down from Christ and the apostles to the present) are to be considered sources of divine revelation. Russian Orthodox and Roman Catholics share seven sacraments, including baptism, confirmation (called "chrismation" in Orthodoxy), communion, penance, marriage, holy orders and the anointing of the sick. the visible head of the church on earth and spiritual successor of St. Peter. They both have the same belief system and many of the same traditions. Alongside Sacred Scripture, Sacred Tradition (i.e. Much like the ancient times in which these religions were established, they govern from the top down with bishops or leaders having ultimate authority and then several classifications that extend ⦠In addition to this, however, the Eastern Orthodox Church also accepts a few other books that do not appear in the Catholic Bible, such as Esdras and 3 and 4 Maccabees. The links under the More information section should be consulted for the definitive positions. The Orthodox Church, on the other hand, accepts neither other Christian denominations nor other religions as pathways to God. The difference between orthodox and catholic is in a number of aspects such as the belief of Mary and the acceptance of the pope. In some Catholic Churches, the bread alone is given to the congregation, the Priest receiving the wine. The Eucharist, like Baptism is only a symbol of grace. The majority of Protestants do not require celibacy as a condition of election to the clergy. Please also visit the Comparison Table between Christianity, Islam and Judaism page. A table showing the differences and similarities between the three greatChristian traditions. Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy The Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism are organized using a hierarchical system. Orthodox Information Centre | Euclid University Consortium Press, Washington (DC), 2007, p. 95). There are at least seven Sacraments (known as 'Mysteries' in Orthodoxy): Baptism, Chrismation, Eucharist, Holy Orders, Holy Unction, Marriage (Holy Matrimony) and Penance (Confession). He has supreme authority (including that over church councils) within Christendom (The. return Accept the 39 Old Testament and 27 New Testament books, but also a collection of books not found in the original Hebrew Bible. The differences between Protestants, Catholics, and Orthodox are thus more in the way of practicing religion, one could refer to differences in "style". The claim that Mary was sinless is rejected - only Christ was sinless. both the bread and wine are given to those present). Not only the Second Vatican Council, but then there was this ⦠Mary was a holy woman who was chosen to bear the Son of God. The differences between Orthodox and Catholic are few - they differ on the nature of the papacy, first and foremost. As in Orthodoxy, the Priest invokes the Holy Spirit during the Mass. Throughout the church's history, Christians in different parts of the world have celebrated Easter in different ways. However, the consecration becomes effective through the Priest, who acts in the person of Christ. Aside from the cultural differences that appear region to region, there is very little difference in the way Catholics and Eastern Orthodox Catholics practice their faiths. An intermediate state of cleansing and preparation for heaven. Protestants also reject Papal infallibility. Both are denied. The table below aims to given an outline of some of the key issues in Christian belief and how the three traditions view these issues. Both Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism accept the Bible as their sacred text, which contains the same basic books: Old and New Testament, plus additional books called the Deuterocanonicals. Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy also differ in how they view other religions. The Eucharist is also known as the 'Holy sacrifice of the Mass'. The Byzantine split with Roman Catholicism came about when Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne, King of the Franks, as Holy Roman Emperor in ⦠In this situation, an annulment may be granted. In addition, our companion websites have further information on the three Christian traditions: With thanks to Father Gregory Hallam for his assistance. The gifts change completely into Christ's body and blood and this change is termed 'Transubstantiation' i.e. There are seven sacraments in both the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches. The Orthodox Church believes the laws and teachings of the Church can only be altered through council, while in Roman Catholic tradition the Pope, because he's infallible, can alter or create new church law. The Father sends the Spirit at the intercession of the Son. Because of this, each church focuses on different aspects of Jesus' purpose on earth: for Roman Catholics, it is to die for humans' sins; for Orthodox Christians, it is to conquer death. There are a wide variety of worship styles. These include baptism, confirmation, penance, communion, marriage, holy orders and the anointing of the sick. See disclaimer. Tradition and scripture are interpreted by the. Worship is centred around the Mass. The third person of the Trinity, proceeding from the Father alone as in the original Nicene Creed. The Eastern Orthodox Church and Roman Catholic Church also differ in their interpretation of human nature, especially when it comes to original sin. There is one area of ⦠Here is a selected series of links that will give more information: Catholic Answers | Roman Catholicism teaches that the price of Adam and Eve eating forbidden fruit in the Garden of Eden was original sin, which has been passed down to all humans. Protestants and Catholics, ho⦠Orthodox belief is that the guilt of original sin is not transmitted from one generation to the next, thus obviating the need for Mary to be sinless. Introduction Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholics have many similarities. Remarriage after divorce is not permitted unless there is some canonical impediment to the marriage. Comments| window.print() In general, despite their differences, Protestant churches all hold broadly similar beliefs. This is an important part of Orthodox belief and ensures continuity with the church that Christ founded. Below are some points that can help you to understand the similarities between Catholics and Protestants. 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