English-Urdu controversy in Pakistan with a view to determining the political aspects of this controversy. The plethora of pro-Pakistani Bengali literature that had promptly emerged in 1940s was heavily laden with Arabic, Persian, and Urdu jargon in an effort to Islamise the Bengali language. This decision was followed by a major wave of unrest as other ethnic groups sought recognition of other regional languages. We also provide free Bengali-Urdu dictionary, free Bengali spelling checker and free Bengali typing keyboard. It turns out that Punjabi is at least 600 years older than Urdu. [8], In the height of civic unrest, Governor-General of Pakistan Muhammad Ali Jinnah arrived in Dhaka on 19 March 1948. The question as to what would be the state language of Pakistan was raised immediately after its creation. Though Bengali leaders from East Pakistan and leaders in Tamaddun Majilish opposed the resolutions at the conference, the Pakistani government began using exclusively Urdu on all currency, money order forms, postal stamps, official letterheads, and railway tickets. This group was a collection of scholars, writers, and journalists oriented towards Islamic ideology. Facing rising sectarian tensions and mass discontent with the new law, the government outlawed public meetings and rallies. At the protest, activists formed the All Party State Language Committee and planned another protest for 11 March 1948. [33] A protest followed on 29 February whose participants faced severe police beating. On 31 January, the Shorbodolio Kendrio Rashtrobhasha Kormi Porishod (All-Party Central Language Action Committee) was formed in a meeting at the Bar Library Hall of the University of Dhaka, chaired by Maulana … In addition to it, the knowledge about the origin, pronunciation, and synonyms of a word allows them to find similar words or phrases. Pakistan (known as West Pakistan 1947-1971) and Bangladesh (known as East Pakistan 1947-1971), Most of the actions and protests occurred in Dhaka, the capital of East Pakistan (modern day Bangladesh). Bengali is an Eastern Indo-Aryan language that arose from the eastern Middle Indic languages around 1000 CE[6] and developed considerably during the Bengal Renaissance. The Urdu-Bengali controversy was reignited when Jinnah's successor, governor-general Khawaja Nazimuddin, staunchly defended the "Urdu-only" policy in a speech on 27 January 1952. India took two years, but replaced Urdu with English as its official language in 1950. Cultural, linguistic, and ethnic differences were also present between East and West Pakistan. In response to the police baton-charging, tear gas, and open fire shooting of the protesters on 21 February 1952, activists threw bricks at the police. Governor-General Muhammad Ali Jinnah, died in 1948, and in 1951 Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan was assassinated. [8], At nine o'clock in the morning, students began gathering on the University of Dhaka premises in defiance of Section 144. Most pro-government media held Hindus and communists responsible for encouraging the disorder and student unrest. The only difference is Hindi has more words from Sanskrit whereas Urdu has words from Arabic and Persian language . [41] Bengali was adopted as an official language of Pakistan along with Urdu in the article 214(1) when the first constitution of Pakistan was enacted on 29 February 1956. in which they outlined demands for Bengali to become an official language of Pakistan recognizing it as a language of education, court communication, and office communication, and an accepted language of the Central government along with Urdu. Political leaders such as Shamsul Huq, Shawkat Ali, M Sirajul Islam, Kazi Golam Mahboob, Oli Ahad, Abdul Wahed and others were arrested during the rallies. In 1948, the Government of the Dominion of Pakistan ordained Urdu as the sole national language, sparking extensive protests among the Bengali-speaking majority of East Bengal. Use the Add a language feature to download and install another language for Windows 10 so you can view menus, dialog boxes, and supported apps and websites in that language. When Dr. Ziauddin Ahmed, former Vice-Chancellor of Aligarh University in India, made the comment that Urdu should become the new state language of future Pakistan, Dr. Shahidullah responded, “Urdu or Hindi instead of Bengali used in our law courts and universities would be tantamount to political slavery.” Dr. Shahidullah continued his support for Bengali as an official language throughout the campaign by writing articles that explicitly stated his support. Language Controversy before Partition of the Sub-Continent Roots of language controversy can be traced back to the support of the non- Bengali leaders of All-India Muslim League (AIML), who wanted to make Urdu as the ‘Lingua Franca’ of Pakistan. At the Conference, many officials from West Pakistan advocated for a resolution to make Urdu the only national language of Pakistan. [17] Continuing strikes were observed the following four days. On 31 January, the Shorbodolio Kendrio Rashtrobhasha Kormi Porishod (All-Party Central Language Action Committee) was formed in a meeting at the Bar Library Hall of the University of Dhaka, chaired by Maulana … The Urdu-Bengali controversy was reignited when Jinnah's successor, governor-general Khawaja Nazimuddin, staunchly defended the "Urdu-only" policy in a speech on 27 January 1952. Two years later, the National Assembly of Pakistan declared both Urdu and Bengali the official state languages of Pakistan. [9] At both meetings, Jinnah was interrupted by large segments of the audience. On 21 February 1952 (8 Falgun 1359 in Bangla calendar) students protest led to killing of ordinary citizen by the police. However, the police arrested several students for violating section 144 as they attempted to leave. Two years after the first monument was destroyed by the police, a new Shaheed Minar (Monument of Martyrs) was constructed in 1954 to commemorate the protesters who lost their lives. 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